1. Historical Significance
The Giant Wild Goose Pagoda (大雁塔, Dàyàn Tǎ) was constructed in 652 AD during the Tang Dynasty under Emperor Gaozong. It served as a repository for Buddhist sutras, relics, and statues collected by the renowned monk Xuanzang during his 17-year pilgrimage to India via the Silk Road.
- Original Purpose: Store and translate 657 Sanskrit texts into Chinese, marking a pivotal moment in Buddhist scholarship.
- Architectural Evolution: Initially 5 stories tall (60m), it was expanded to 7 stories (64.5m) in 704 AD under Empress Wu Zetian.
2. Architectural Features
- Structure: Square, brick-built pagoda with a pyramidal shape, each tier narrowing upward. The base measures 25.5m per side.
- Interior: Spiral stairs lead to viewing platforms with arched doorways offering panoramic city views.
- Artistic Legacy: Walls feature Tang-era Buddha carvings by artist Yan Liben and calligraphy steles, including Emperor Taizong’s Preface to the Sacred Teaching.
3. Cultural Legends
The pagoda’s name derives from a Buddhist tale: Monks praying for meat saw a wild goose miraculously fall, inspiring them to build the pagoda and adopt vegetarianism.
4. Modern Importance
- UNESCO Recognition: Listed in 2014 as part of the Silk Road World Heritage.
- Surroundings: Adjacent Da Ci’en Temple and Great Tang All-Day Mall offer immersive Tang Dynasty experiences, including light shows and cultural performances.
5. Visitor Information
- Hours: 8:30 AM–5 PM; Ticket: ¥30 (~$4).
- Best Time to Visit: Spring/Autumn for mild weather; evenings for illuminated views.
The pagoda stands as a testament to Xi'an’s Buddhist heritage and Silk Road history, blending spirituality, art, and architecture.
